Method of forming stencils



F. w. MENz-ER METHOD 0F FORMING STENCILS Filed March 23. 1927 Paieieduan. 8;1929.

UNITED. STATES i, n 1,698,166 PNrfEfN-'T'QoF'I-lcn FREDERICK W. MENZEB', OF AWTHOBNE, NEW JERSEY.

, METHOD 0F FQRMING STENCILS.

This invention relates `to the manufacture of stencils and particularly stencils formed by coating bolting cloth or other more or less open mesh fabric (termed herein awforaminous screen) with some substance whlclris impervious to the color or the like used .iIi\ /'(asg1ycerine) and fusel oil or alcohol orsome printing with the stencil and of course except at the laces where the figure o-penin s are toy be. eretofore the practice has een to 10 coat the screen in the field, i. e., the whole area excepting the figure openings to be left. This was very tedious work where, as in stencils used for fabric printin and the like, the figures were complicate and close together, and it'required considerable expenditure of time. Those who are skilled in the art know that the work could proceed much more quickly and be less tedious if any coating treatment whichis to distinguish the figure areas from the field were applied in the figure areas rather than in the field.

With this in view, and according to this invention I coat a foraminous screen by placing thereon and one upon another two 'z5 substances so that one covers a greater area than the other and the area of the latter conforms to the stencilopening to be formed, the former substance being a liquid normally adapted to harden and the two substances Where they are in superposed relation to each other being reactive to form a coacting portion less tenacious than the remainder ofthe coating, and thereupon work the coated screen until said coating portion is removed. In the best practice of .the invention the second named substance is also a liquid and I applyit first to the screen and it serves specifically to retard the hardening of the second substanceas to the portion of the coating where they 9 are superposed.

In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. l shows a fragment ofthe screen with` the figure outlines delineated thereon;

' Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing the figure areas coated with the first substance;

Fig. 3 is a similar view, 'showing the entire area of the screen coated with the second substance except for a portion of the screen at one corner;

that the field remains coated but the screen is bare or denuded of coating within the figure openings; and u Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section on line Fig. 4 shows the stencil completed i. e., thev removing treatment having 'been effected so` 5-5 of Fig. 3, illustrating a detail of the method. Y

For the first coating substance I use fish glue, a solvent therefor (asacetic acid) a medium for reta-rding the drying ofthe g ue other agent which will insure penetration of this substance, which it will be-understood is in liquid form. Theproportions may be as follows:

yAcetic acid- -4 oz.

Glycerine 1 oz.

Fusel oil or alcohol 10 drops. o

As the second substance I may use Heinzs oil gold size, which is a liquid size used b painters and decorators for causing the a hesion of gold leaf to any surface. and of course is normally adapted in time to harden or set; this substance is composed of fat linseed oil, chrome yellow and japan drier, the term fat linseed oil meaning linseed oil that has been allowed to stand in an open vessel for such time that it becomes a very slow drying and pliable oil.

e First, according to the pattern selected, the y flipgur is delineated on the screen 1, as at 2 in This having been done the first step, or

what I term the decorating step in the eX- ample of my method'now being described, is to paint or otherwise coat so much of the screen area as is within each figure, as at 3 in Fig. 2, using the first substance.

Thereupon the entire area of the screen, including the portions covered by the first substance, is painted or otherwise coated with the second substance, as at 4 in Fig. 3; this may be conveniently done by spraying with an air brush.

The coated screen is then left standing so that the hardening or setting of the second substance in the field can be completed preparatory lto the step now to follow, which, if the second substance is the one above specifically defined, will usually require` about twelve hours. When this hardening ensues that portion of the coating which is within the ligure area will be found capable of removal from the screen independently of the remainder of the coating, since the tenacity of the second substance within said area is depleted.

This removal, which results in the stencil openin being formed, may be accomplished by wor ing the coated screen in some such way as the following:

First the whole coated area of the screen is rubbed, as with a, cloth, and then it is washed with water. The rubbing removes the bulk of the coating within the figure area, andthe washing removes any parts or particles of the coating that may then remain on the otherwise bare screen so that the latter within the figure area is perfectly de nuded. Y

My method results in the production of stencils of the class described in which the figure openings, however complicated or close together, exist perfectly clear and clean-cut, and it wholly avoids the tedium and very much reduces the time at present required to roduce such stencils. l

might first apply the second substance and then apply the other substance within the ligure areaexcepting that the outline of the figure may be accomplished with greater nicety or sharpness if the first substance is already present when the second substance is applied. c

In producing figures with sharply defined outlines I find it important to include in the first substance a penetrating agent. causes said substance to pass clear through and also straight through thefibrous structure of the screen, so that an area of absorption is in size and form the same on one side of the screen as on the other, or as indicated diagrammaticall at sectioned portion 3 in Fig. 5. In the a sence of this the figure outline will be absent or at least less on what may be termed the reverse side "of the screen than on the obverse side (to which the substances are applied) and will frequently not be true to its intended form, so that when the second substanceV sets in the outlying area the effective resulting figure opening is not as intended. c l

Having thus fully described my invention, what'I claim is: A

1. The hereindescribed method of forming a stencil which consists in vcoating a foraminous screen by placing thereon and one upon This the other two substances so that one covers a greater area than the other and thearea of the latter conforms to,V the stencil opening v substance and then placing upon the first substance and also upon the ortion of the screen flanking said area a liqui substance normally adapted to harden, the first substance being active upon the portion of the second substance covering the same to retard the hardening thereof, allowing the second substance to harden as to the portion thereof not covering the first substance, and before the second substance has hardened as to the portion thereof covering the first substance working the coated screen to remove so much of the coating as is within said area.

3. The hereindescribed method of forming a stencil which consists in coating a foraminous screen by first placing thereon and so as to cover an area of prescribed form a substance containing a liquid penetrating agent and then placing upon the first substance and also upon the portion of the screen flankin said area a liquid substance normally adapte to harden, the first substance being active upon the portion of the second substance covering the same to retard the hardening thereof, allowing the second substance to harden as to the portion thereof not covering the first substance, andbefore the second substance has hardened as to the portion thereof covering the first substance working the coated screen to remove so much of the coating as is within said area.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

FREDERICK W. MENZER. 

